Hello, we're back.
Where are my headphones?
Where are my headphones? All right, we're here, folks. We're going to be writing. Let's see. Okay. Cool. Let me put my headphones in.
Can you hear me? Yeah, you can hear me. Great. All right, folks. So we are here. We're streaming. It's Thursday. And we're going to keep writing this codex piece. So if you're new here, I am Dan Schipper. I'm the co-founder and CEO of Every. Every is the only subscription you need to stay at the edge of AI. Hi. And I'm just trying to write the definitive history of codex. I just think it's such an important story in technology. And I got to watch it happen from the inside from the GPT five days. And then I've done a bunch of interviews with people internally at OpenAI. And I'm just going to write it.
So I'm just going to write what I hope is the definitive history. And one of the things I'm doing is I'm writing it with codex, which is really fun. And I'm trying to keep your work if you're poison. And in particular with voice mode, it's really changed how I've worked over the last couple days. And so I'm really exploring it. One thing that happened today, which was wild, is I was thinking about, I've done all these interviews. So you can see up on the screen, there's some quotes from Greg Brockman from an interview I did with him. And one of the things I hate about reading articles is you can see the quote, but you can't see all of the stuff around it.
And I think what we're going to do is make it really easy when you're reading this article to click any quote. And then you'll be able to see the entire interview come up in a sidebar, and you can investigate yourself and get your agent to look at it, all that kind of stuff. And I was talking to Chachip T. Voicemail about this, and it was like, oh yeah, that's a good example of open kitchen storytelling. And I was like, what is that? And it was like, oh, it's just something I made up. And open kitchen storytelling is exactly, it's such a good term for this kind of thing.
So today we're going to be doing a little bit of open kitchen storytelling in the sense that you're going to watch me make this piece. And then when you consume it, you'll be able to go look at all the source material yourself as well. And I just want to make sure everything is working properly. Yes, it is. And if you have questions or stuff you want to know, just put it in the chat. I'll check in on the chat every once in a while. And also feel free to work alongside me. I think that's also maybe a good way to consume this. But you tell me. I'm going to put some music on.
All right. So Chachip T, can you remind me, I want you to read the previous section that we just wrote about thinking. And then remind me where we are in this new section. Just read it word for word out loud to me, please.
Did I share my audio? I don't know if I did. Hmm.
Time screen.
Thinking. Thinking. Shimmering where the response will appear. It looks throwaway, like a verbose loading spinner, but it marks a new computing style that made codecs possible. Early models answered immediately, improvising as they went. Then chain of thought led to reasoning models that think before answering, improving as they get more test time compute. That made the strategic priority obvious. They had to go all in on coding. Are you reading this word for word? I don't want you to skip anything. Please reread it word for word. Got it. I'll recheck and read it exactly. The biggest comeback in business history begins with something simple. Thinking. Thinking.
In 2026, anytime you interact with an AI model on any kind of complex request, you will see that word, thinking, shimmering in the place where your response will appear. It might seem like a throwaway. A wordy replacement for the spinning beach ball on Mac OS or the blue ring Windows displays beside its cursor, each a universal sign that the computer is operating at the limits of its capacity. But thinking in this context is not just a label. It denotes a new style of computing without which codecs would never have happened. The first generation of large language models were external processors. They had no shimmering thinking UI.
Instead, they did their thinking directly by responding to you. Whatever you asked them to do, write an email or a line of code, they had to work out their answer. One word at a time, immediately and in public. In that way, early chat models were like improv actors, given a prompt by the audience, forced to respond with no do-overs or rehearsals allowed. The results were impressive and sometimes predictably funny as these alien tools composed on the run. What early users of these needles noticed was that if you asked the model to think step by step out loud to you, it would often arrive at a better answer than if you did not. This was called chain of thought.
Asking the model to show its working step by step before it gave its final answer. This led to the second generation of AI models and the shimmering thinking UI we have been discussing. Rather than asking the model to work through a problem step by step in the answer you saw, OpenAI landed on a new kind of model. Reasoning models that could think out loud before they answered. OpenAI called its first model of this kind O1. They realised something radical. On hard tasks, it got better as it was allowed to spend more time thinking before it answered. If we could increase test time compute, we got better performance, Alexander told me.
Test time compute is exactly what it sounds like. Test time compute is exactly what it sounds like. Instead of doing all the work of making a model smarter before anyone uses it, you can spend more computing power after a hard question arrives. Test time compute is exactly what it sounds like. The more time and money you give it on that particular problem, the longer it can work before it answers. That created a second way to scale AI.
Test time to improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and improve and
company goal and the product sequence and the handoff note for this bridge. Okay, cool. This is good. I actually really like this. Okay, two little notes. One is
in the thinking section, there's a part where you say, where we wrote, this is called chain of thought. I want to add, can you just add that and just add chain of thought prompting to that sentence and make sure it makes sense? And then I just want you to add a little comment on when we're explaining reasoning models and how they're different. I don't think that I'd like to add a little bit more technical specifics in there. I want to do that now, but just add a comment saying, TK, more technical specifics, please. Sure. I'll update the wording and add that placeholder comment.
Okay, do that in parallel. And while you're doing that, can you just read the Greg Brockman quotes for me, please? Sure. I'll edit and pull those quotes up now. The ones that are already in the top. Mm-hmm. Checking those. At the beginning of 2025, we actually did set coding software engineering as a top-level company goal. Then you start out with autocomplete. Then you move to more of the cursor style. Well, then it's this agentic sort of codex app or CLI. Both are Greg Brockman. I also changed the sentence to chain of thought prompting and added the TK, more technical specifics, please comment by the reasoning models part.
Cool. And you confirmed they're actually in the document?
Double-checking it's saved there now. Okay, cool. So I like starting this new section with the Greg quote.
And I just wanted in there as regular text instead of you're doing it with, that... Then you start out with autocomplete. Then you move to more of the cursor style. Well, then it's this agentic sort of codex app or CLI. Both are Greg Brockman. I also changed the sentence to chain of thought prompting and added the TK, more technical specifics, please comment by the reasoning models part. Cool. And you confirmed they're actually in the document?
Double checking it's saved there now.
Okay, cool. So I like starting this new section with the Greg quote. And I just wanted in there as a regular text instead of you're doing it with, you know, that...